Urban Sustainability at Risk Due to Soil Pollution by Heavy Metals—Case Study: Volos, Greece

The focus of this case study is the meticulous observation urban soil pollution by heavy metals (HMs), or, alternatively, potentially toxic elements (PTEs). took place in center Volos, Greece. Moreover, 248 samples were collected during 2018–2021 (62 annually), while 3.65 km2 was, approximately, area. breakdown total concentrations for interpretation different parameters, also according to mean values and medians HMs, following decreasing order was monitored: Mn > Zn Cr Ni Cu Pb Co Cd. During 4-year study, an increasing trend metal concentration observed (for each year compared previous one). Furthermore, imaginary triangle, which observed, bordered historic train station, two city bus intercity coach stations commercial harbor. Statistical analysis implemented interpret exceedances HMs concerning Directive 86/278/EEC. Principal component (PCA) additional technique that conducted because correlations interdependences between HMs. A strong correlation but mainly Cd Zn, probably due their common origin. COVID-19 pandemic, significant changes parts city, limited movement motorized wheeled vehicles, long operating hours heating systems residential Further research needed future identify sources find possible ways reduce it. All all, a great conundrum environmental aspect sustainability.